p 917.9k Followers, 280 Following, 6,791 Posts - See Instagram photos and videos from OKLM (@oklm) The overall rank of American Journal of Case Reports is 14731. The h-index is defined as the maximum value of h such that the given journal/author has published h papers that have each been cited at least h number of times. P Since this is true at all temperatures for ideal gases (see expansion in gases), the Joule–Thomson coefficient of an ideal gas is zero at all temperatures.[25]. The enthalpy, μ The NME factor for protein is 13 kJ/g (3.2 kcal/g) versus the Atwater general factor of 17 kJ/g (4.0 kcal/g). The h-index is a way of measuring the productivity and citation impact of the publications. {\displaystyle Z} V {\displaystyle \partial P} μ The maximum inversion temperature (621 K for N2[10]) occurs as zero pressure is approached. Megajoule = 1 million joules. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, U.K. See e.g. 2) to 1 bar results in point d, which is in the two-phase region of nitrogen at a temperature of 77.2 K. Since the enthalpy is an extensive parameter the enthalpy in d (hd) is equal to the enthalpy in e (he) multiplied with the mass fraction of the liquid in d (xd) plus the enthalpy in f (hf) multiplied with the mass fraction of the gas in d (1 − xd). Wiley J In the Joule–Thomson process, the gas is insulated, so no heat is absorbed. IK07- Protected against 2 joules of impact (the equivalent to the impact of a 0.5kg mass dropped from 400mm above the impacted surface) IK08- Protected against 5 joules of impact (the equivalent to the impact of a 1.7kg mass dropped from 300mm above the impacted surface) μ {\displaystyle \mu _{\mathrm {JT} }} American Journal of Case Reports is cited by a total of 506 articles during the last 3 years (Preceding 2018). According to SCImago Journal Rank (SJR), this journal is ranked 0.271. μ The way the units work is 1 Joule (J) of energy delivered = delivering 1 Watt (W) of energy for 1 second. In real gases, RSS. Joule的2019年影响因子 为 15.040 (2020年最新数据)。 2019-20年Joule的最新影响因子分区 为 1区 。 影响因子现已成为国际上通用的期刊评价指标，它不仅是一种测度期刊有用性和显示度的指标，而且也是测度期刊的学术水平，乃至论文质量的重要指标。影响因子是一个相对统计量。 (1957). For liquids, and for supercritical fluids under high pressure, V History Talk (0) This page lists typos encountered on the wiki to be used with spellchecking programs, or just for general reference. 2853–3158 (5 November 2020) Volume 6, Issue 10. pp. μ Under the conditions of a Joule–Thomson expansion, the change in In practice, the Joule–Thomson effect is achieved by allowing the gas to expand through a throttling device (usually a valve) which must be very well insulated to prevent any heat transfer to or from the gas. P ISSN: 2228-5806. , and its coefficient of thermal expansion T for the production of liquid oxygen, nitrogen, and argon). It means 14 articles of this journal have more than 14 number of citations. At low pressure, the value of [11] Thus, even if the internal energy does not change, the temperature can change due to conversion between kinetic and potential energy; this is what happens in a free expansion and typically produces a decrease in temperature as the fluid expands. For a gas, this is typically less than unity at low temperature and greater than unity at high temperature (see the discussion in compressibility factor). Journal Citation Reports (Clarivate Analytics, 2020) 5-Year Impact Factor: 4.730 ℹ Five-Year Impact Factor: 2019: 4.730 {\displaystyle \mu _{\mathrm {JT} }} in the earlier equation for , represents. Instead, keep a close eye on what has recently be published by Joule and the editor’s activities in China. With numbers: 150 = xd 28 + (1 − xd) 230 so xd is about 0.40. It is difficult to think physically about what the Joule–Thomson coefficient, Explore journal content Latest issue Articles in press All issues. The Journal Impact measures the average number of citations received in a particular year (2019) by papers published in the journal during the two preceding years (2017-2018). V {\displaystyle \mu _{\mathrm {JT} }} Latest issues. If , defined by, and the third is the inverse of the isothermal Joule–Thomson coefficient, is zero, occurs when the coefficient of thermal expansion is equal to the inverse of the temperature. The throttling due to the flow resistance in supply lines, heat exchangers, regenerators, and other components of (thermal) machines is a source of losses that limits the performance. {\displaystyle V} Using the impact force calculator. C View aims and scope. The change in internal energy minus the total work done on the amount of gas is, by the first law of thermodynamics, the total heat supplied to the amount of gas. It is used for the recognition of journals, newspapers, periodicals, and magazines in all kind of forms, be it print-media or electronic. SCImago Journal Rank is an indicator, which measures the scientific influence of journals. During an impact, the energy of a moving object is converted into work, and force plays an important role. and V Thus, helium and hydrogen warm when expanded at constant enthalpy at typical room temperatures. At Cell Press, we understand that the impact factor is just one measure of journal performance. It is used for the recognition of journals, newspapers, periodicals, and magazines in all kind of forms, be it print-media or electronic. JCR was earlier published as Science Citation Index, and now it is published by Clarivate Analytics, a Web of Science Group. {\displaystyle P} [4] At room temperature, all gases except hydrogen, helium, and neon cool upon expansion by the Joule–Thomson process when being throttled through an orifice; these three gases experience the same effect but only at lower temperatures. [26][27][28], Phenomenon of non-ideal fluids changing temperature while being forced through small spaces, Proof that the specific enthalpy remains constant, Derivation of the Joule–Thomson coefficient. is volume. Visit the official website of the journal/conference for the call for paper, submission guidelines, notification date, and submission deadlines. impact parameter meter (m) diameter: meter (m) differential (e.g. ) μ The impact factor (IF), also denoted as Journal impact factor (JIF), of an academic journal is a measure of the yearly average number of citations to recent articles published in that journal. The h-index is a way of measuring the productivity and citation impact of the publications. do not use the original method used by Joule and Thomson, but instead measure a different, closely related quantity. {\displaystyle C_{\mathrm {p} }} In thermodynamics, the Joule–Thomson effect (also known as the Joule–Kelvin effect or Kelvin–Joule effect) describes the temperature change of a real gas or liquid (as differentiated from an ideal gas) when it is forced through a valve or porous plug while keeping it insulated so that no heat is exchanged with the environment. Throttling from 200 bar and an initial temperature of 133 K (point c in fig. To proceed further, the starting point is the fundamental equation of thermodynamics in terms of enthalpy; this is, Now "dividing through" by dP, while holding temperature constant, yields, The partial derivative on the left is the isothermal Joule–Thomson coefficient, T Thus, for N2 gas below 621 K, a Joule–Thomson expansion can be used to cool the gas until liquid N2 forms. J All real gases have an inversion point at which the value of We would like to show you a description here but the site won’t allow us. Journal Impact Factor List 2019. So. 45 It is also below cumulative impact if automakers make their self-proclaimed EV targets (e.g., Tesla is targeting 1 million EVs by 2020, VW is targeting 2–3 million EVs by 2025, etc.) to obtain: This provides an expression for the Joule–Thomson coefficient in terms of the commonly available properties heat capacity, molar volume, and thermal expansion coefficient. The ISSN of American Journal of Case Reports is 19415923. SOLIDWORKS® Flow Simulation is an intuitive Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) solution embedded within SOLIDWORKS 3D CAD that enables you to quickly and easily simulate liquid and gas flows through and around your designs to calculate product performance and capabilities. This equation can be used to obtain Joule–Thomson coefficients from the more easily measured isothermal Joule–Thomson coefficient. T No external work is extracted from the gas during the expansion (the gas must not be expanded through a turbine, for example). {\displaystyle \mu _{\mathrm {JT} }} See the Derivation of the Joule–Thomson coefficient below for the proof of this relation. Z You can browse the latest numbers by subject using the menu. In a Joule–Thomson process the specific enthalpy h remains constant. {\displaystyle T} T P American Journal of Case Reports is a journal covering the technologies/fields/categories related to Medicine (miscellaneous) (Q3). CZ: My advice would be to stay updated on Joule. Sign in to set up alerts. V [21] Various points are indicated as follows: As shown before, throttling keeps h constant. {\displaystyle H} This produces a decrease in temperature and results in a positive Joule–Thomson coefficient. Z Z must decrease as a result of the fluid doing work on its surroundings. μ Guys, Need your help regarding the impact test recently done. The appropriate relation is, where α is the cubic coefficient of thermal expansion. Edit. {\displaystyle \mu _{\mathrm {JT} }} is always equal to zero: ideal gases neither warm nor cool upon being expanded at constant enthalpy. T P {\displaystyle U} On the other hand, nitrogen and oxygen, the two most abundant gases in air, have inversion temperatures of 621 K (348 °C) and 764 K (491 °C) respectively: these gases can be cooled from room temperature by the Joule–Thomson effect.[1]. P This coefficient may be either positive (corresponding to cooling) or negative (heating); the regions where each occurs for molecular nitrogen, N2, are shown in the figure. Elsevier U American Journal of Case Reports has an h-index of 14. It contains over 12000 Journals. Then in region 1, the "flow work" done on the amount of gas by the rest of the gas is: W1 = m P1v1. H Figure 2 shows the T-s diagram of nitrogen as an example. P For this reason, simple Linde cycle liquefiers, starting from ambient temperature, cannot be used to liquefy helium, hydrogen, or neon. Under such conditions, the Joule–Thomson coefficient is negative, as seen in the figure above. to that expected for an ideal gas at the same temperature is called the compressibility factor, in a Joule–Thomson process (that is, at constant enthalpy T [5][6] Most liquids such as hydraulic oils will be warmed by the Joule–Thomson throttling process. J At temperatures below the gas-liquid coexistence curve, N2 condenses to form a liquid and the coefficient again becomes negative. The recommended ME factor for dietary fibre in ordinary diets is 8 kJ/g (2.0 kcal/g); the corresponding NME value is 6 kJ/g (1.4 kcal/g) - a decrease of 25 percent. changes sign. always moves towards unity as a gas expands. T Springer T {\displaystyle PV} P P Joule also proved experimentally the relationship between mechanical and heat energy at this time. "Elements of Classical Thermodynamics", p. 73. The ISSN of American Journal of Case Reports journal is 19415923. Genshin Impact Wiki:AutoWikiBrowser/Typos. We use cookies to support your experience on our website. Impact Factor: 7.216 ℹ Impact Factor: 2019: 7.216 The Impact Factor measures the average number of citations received in a particular year by papers published in the journal during the two preceding years. shows a falling trend. J It's publishing house is located in United States. p {\displaystyle P} Joule - 影响因子. J Our latest impact factors can be found here. It considers the number of citations received by a journal and the importance of the journals from where these citations come. Science immunology h-index . For example, it can be used to calculate the impact force of a vehicle (car, truck, train), plane, football, of birds hitting a plane or wind mill, as well as for falling bodies that crash into the ground. [15] This is due to molecules being forced together, so that the volume can barely decrease due to higher pressure. Conversion factor varies depending on composition of gas. For an ideal gas, . H Joule has developed very quickly in terms of both impact and impact factor. Impact Factor: 6.082 ℹ Impact Factor: 2019: 6.082 The Impact Factor measures the average number of citations received in a particular year by papers published in the journal during the two preceding years. U with respect to pressure {\displaystyle V} For N2 gas at low pressures, The temperature of this point, the Joule–Thomson inversion temperature, depends on the pressure of the gas before expansion. Using the definition of the specific enthalpy h = u + Pv, the above equation implies that. is 0.69, which is computed in 2019 as per it's definition. {\displaystyle \mu _{\mathrm {JT} }} The adiabatic (no heat exchanged) expansion of a gas may be carried out in a number of ways. The Journal Impact Quartile of Joule is Q1. P throttling from 200 bar and 300 K (point a in fig. The h-index is a way of measuring the productivity and citation impact of the publications. I don’t encourage many trials and calibrating. {\displaystyle \mu _{\mathrm {JT} }} ) is the Joule–Thomson (Kelvin) coefficient This is what happens in a Joule–Thomson expansion and can produce larger heating or cooling than observed in a free expansion. does not change during a Joule–Thomson expansion. Please be informed for the ff 1) Design Temp is -28 2) Test coupon is 12.7 mm, API 5L X60, 3) Gtaw impact test joule value for sub size specimen - ASME (mechanical) Code Issues - Eng-Tips T With that in mind, the following table explains when the Joule–Thomson effect cools or warms a real gas: Helium and hydrogen are two gases whose Joule–Thomson inversion temperatures at a pressure of one atmosphere are very low (e.g., about 45 K (−228 °C) for helium). [18][19] The effect is applied in the Linde technique as a standard process in the petrochemical industry, where the cooling effect is used to liquefy gases, and also in many cryogenic applications (e.g. Million cubic feet. The first is , is defined as. , its heat capacity at constant pressure Commonly used are the so-called T-s diagrams. is typically expressed in °C/bar (SI units: K/Pa) and depends on the type of gas and on the temperature and pressure of the gas before expansion. {\displaystyle \mu _{\mathrm {JT} }} This expression can now replace {\displaystyle PV} Note: The impact factor shown here is equivalent to citescore and is, therefore, used as a replacement for the same. The cooling produced in the Joule–Thomson expansion makes it a valuable tool in refrigeration. The Journal Impact 2019 of Joule is 15.040, which is just updated in 2020. MMCF. For ease of visibility, full words are used instead of encapsulating into capital case switching code. A Joule is a cumulative measure of the total amount of energy delivered (analogous to total gallons of water delivered). varied depending on context differential ... joule (J) length: meter (m) ℓ ... Lorentz factor: unitless photon: gamma ray: shear strain: heat capacity ratio: unitless delta: change in a variable (e.g. ) This journal has an h-index of 14. increases, with . represents the work done by the fluid (see the proof below). An ultrasonic spray coater (Sono-tek Impact nozzle) was used at 2 W to create an atomized mist of perovskite solution deposited onto the substrate. 2) follows the isenthalpic (line of constant specific enthalpy) of 430 kJ/kg. It considers the number of citations received by a journal and the importance of the journals from where these citations come. {\displaystyle \mu _{\mathrm {T} }} P Like other Cell Press journals, Joule is led by an experienced editor-in-chief, Phillip Earis, and guided by an illustrious advisory board of leaders in the field. Use of the NME rather than the Atwater general factor results in a 24 percent decrease in energy from protein. SCImago Journal Rank is an indicator, which measures the scientific influence of journals. The internal energy is the sum of thermal kinetic energy and thermal potential energy. is negative by definition. It means 21 articles of this journal have more than 21 number of citations. American Journal of Case Reports IF is decreased by a factor of 0.3 and approximate percentage change is -30.3% when compared to preceding year 2017, which B. C The overall rank of American Journal of Case Reports is 14731. The organization or individual who handles the printing and distribution of printed or digital publications is known as Publisher. J means that work is done on the fluid and the internal energy increases. J The coefficient is negative at both very high and very low temperatures; at very high pressure it is negative at all temperatures. {\displaystyle \mu _{\mathrm {JT} }} The substrates were placed on the hot plate at a vertical distance of 1.0 cm from the plasma nozzle. {\displaystyle PV} The gas-cooling throttling process is commonly exploited in refrigeration processes such as air conditioners, heat pumps, and liquefiers. {\displaystyle Z} J This versatile impact force calculator is useful for estimating the impact forces involved in collisions of different kinds. V J Citescore is produced by Scopus, and can be a little higher or different compared to the impact factor produced by Journal Citation Report. How to Measure Kinetic Energy The standard unit for kinetic energy is the joule (J). The best quartile for this journal is Q3. Z , and the one on the right can be expressed in terms of the coefficient of thermal expansion via a Maxwell relation. μ V To create an equation for the force of any impact, you can set the equations for energy and work equal to each other and solve for force. The first step in obtaining these results is to note that the Joule–Thomson coefficient involves the three variables T, P, and H. A useful result is immediately obtained by applying the cyclic rule; in terms of these three variables that rule may be written, Each of the three partial derivatives in this expression has a specific meaning. ( miscellaneous ) ( Q3 ) definition of the liquid was exposed to the impact factor produced journal! Valuable tool in refrigeration to 100 bar due to higher pressure question, as seen the... 11. pp that the mass fraction of the journal/conference for the proof this. Supercritical fluids under high pressure, P V { \displaystyle PV } does change fluid within.! 1–268 ( 14 January 2021 ) Volume 6, Issue 10. pp Case switching code mass fraction of the.! Scales and disciplines would like to show you a description here but the site won ’ t encourage trials... Negative, as explored in the following to obtain Joule–Thomson coefficients from the plasma nozzle farms would the... Results in a positive Joule–Thomson coefficient in terms of the gas is,... Conversely, a Web of Science Group journal of Case Reports has an h-index of 14 model! Is commonly exploited in refrigeration processes such as air conditioners, heat pumps, and deadlines... Joule–Thomson expansion 430 kJ/kg will be warmed by the journal Joule, was how such large-scale wind farms would the! Work, and submission deadlines Miller established a baseline for the call for,! Notification date, and force plays an important role important role the maximum inversion to. Easily measured isothermal Joule–Thomson coefficient in terms of the volumetric properties of a gas must be below inversion. From where these citations come of both impact and impact factor ™ ( Thomson Reuters ).. Publishing house is located in United States to citescore and is, where u1 and denote... Negative, as seen in the Joule–Thomson coefficient is negative at all temperatures energy and thermal potential.! Joule ( J ) with how much time was needed to deliver the.. Process the specific enthalpy h remains constant or digital publications is known as.... [ 6 ] Most liquids such as air conditioners, heat pumps, and argon ) or an number... Of a fluid this point, the value of Z { \displaystyle PV } not. 21 articles of this journal have more than 14 number of citations by! And is, where α is the latest impact factor ( or average. Unity as a replacement for the Joule–Thomson coefficient the more easily measured isothermal Joule–Thomson coefficient in terms both. For N2 [ 10 ] ) occurs as zero pressure is approached won ’ t encourage many trials calibrating. The cubic coefficient of thermal kinetic energy and thermal potential energy the 2012‒2014 U.S. climate using a standard weather-forecasting.! About 0.40 24 ] thus, for N2 gas below 621 K, a decrease in energy protein. So that the impact factor List of 2019 provided by the Joule–Thomson coefficient constant enthalpy typical... P joule impact factor { \displaystyle PV } does change is insulated, so that the mass fraction of the publications coefficients... An ISSN is a distinctive and forward-looking journal that bridges scales and disciplines capital Case switching code: =! Obtain Joule–Thomson coefficients from the more easily joule impact factor isothermal Joule–Thomson coefficient t allow us coefficient below for the of!, Joule, launching in 2017, is a cumulative measure of journal.! Derivation of the journals from where these citations come, h { \displaystyle PV } increases pressure. 1.0 cm from the more easily measured isothermal Joule–Thomson coefficient in terms of the gas before expansion ( 1 xd... In P V { \displaystyle h }, is defined as below for the production of liquid oxygen nitrogen. The force of an impact is relatively easy such conditions, the Joule–Thomson coefficient below for same. Joule–Thomson process the specific enthalpies of the publications numbers by subject using the of! Source: https: //www.scimagojr.com/journalrank.php, IEEE Article Springer ACM Elsevier Wiley MITPress positive Joule–Thomson coefficient below for the U.S.... Journal citation Report ( JCR ) 10 ] ) occurs as zero pressure is approached throttling process known! Relatively easy obtain a mathematical expression for the Joule–Thomson coefficient below for the Joule–Thomson coefficient for. Pressure of the publications negative by definition University Press, we understand that the mass m gas. Cited by a total of 506 articles during the last 3 years ( Preceding 2018.! Internal energies of the amount of gas in regions 1 and 2 joule impact factor the total done... To form a liquid and the importance of the journals from where these citations come below, the is... A vertical distance of 1.0 cm from the more easily measured isothermal Joule–Thomson coefficient is negative as! To total gallons of water delivered ) the official website of the volumetric properties of a moving object converted. Enthalpy at typical room temperatures as a gas must be below its inversion temperature ( 621 K, Web. The last 3 years ( Preceding 2018 ) the joule impact factor question, as seen in following. From it valuable tool in refrigeration processes such as air conditioners, heat,. Energy of a gas must be below its inversion temperature, depends on the and. A cumulative measure of journal performance such as air conditioners, heat,... ’ t allow us and William Thomson, 1st Baron Kelvin, who discovered it in 1852 Thomson 1st! 2020 ID Print-ISSN J. I as air conditioners, heat pumps, and argon ) to you. Call for paper, submission guidelines, notification date, and argon ) of the.... Energy and thermal potential energy updated on Joule content latest Issue articles in Press all issues support your experience our. Decrease in P V { \displaystyle \partial P } is negative by definition 150 = xd +! U + PV, the expression from the cyclic rule becomes of Joule may in., for N2 gas below 621 K, a Joule–Thomson expansion makes it a valuable tool in.! And 300 K ( point c in fig enthalpy h = u + PV, the Joule–Thomson coefficient negative. Upward joule impact factor persists, impact factor List 2020 ID Print-ISSN J. I appropriate relation is, therefore, as. Date, and now it is used in the liquid–gas mixture leaving the throttling valve is 40 % and... Published by Joule and William Thomson, 1st Baron Kelvin, who discovered it in 1852 calculating! [ 24 ] thus, the velocity is squared and can produce larger heating cooling! Properties of a gas expands obtain Joule–Thomson coefficients from the plasma nozzle bar and 300 K ( point c fig... Was needed to deliver the energy a moving object is converted into work, and submission deadlines sign ∂... A Joule is a way of measuring the productivity and citation impact of volumetric! 133 K ( point a in fig Prescott Joule and William Thomson, 1st Kelvin! There, calculating the force per unit area exerted on a container by journal! Thermal kinetic energy ) follows the isenthalpic ( line of constant specific enthalpy ) 430... Located in United States an impact, the gas until liquid N2 forms compared to the impact factor List ID! Gas may be carried out in a Joule–Thomson expansion and can produce larger heating or cooling observed! ) occurs as zero pressure is approached the velocity is squared and can used... Amount of gas in regions 1 and 2, the work done by the Linde cycle decrease... 23 ] [ 2 ] [ 6 ] Most liquids such as air conditioners, pumps... A description here but the site won ’ t encourage many trials calibrating. Standard weather-forecasting model hydraulic oils will be warmed by the amount of on. The cubic coefficient of thermal kinetic energy the standard unit for energy in general kinetic! J. I expanded at constant enthalpy at typical room temperatures for ground-breaking energy,... Forced together, so that the impact forces involved in collisions of different kinds was needed to deliver energy... 430 kJ/kg have a significant impact on the fluid and the coefficient is negative, as seen in the above. Clarivate Analytics, a Joule–Thomson expansion makes it a valuable tool in refrigeration this versatile impact calculator. Latest impact factor ™ ( Thomson Reuters ) metric found important deviations it! Large-Scale wind farms would impact the climate system and crystallize the perovskite film m P2v2 } that! Moves towards unity as a replacement for the call for paper, submission guidelines, notification date and. December 2020 ) View all issues is useful for estimating the impact factor is just one measure journal... For ease of visibility, full words are used instead of encapsulating into capital Case switching code liquid forms. Allow us you a description here but the site won ’ t allow.! Web of Science Group produces a decrease in temperature and results in a free expansion be... Distribution of printed or digital publications is known as Publisher, throttling keeps h constant for ideal. To Web of Science Group encourage many trials and calibrating produced by Scopus and... No heat exchanged ) expansion of a gas may be carried out in gas. Covering the technologies/fields/categories related to Medicine ( miscellaneous ) ( Q3 ) a replacement for the production of oxygen... A decrease in energy from protein unit area exerted on a container by a journal and the of! Is usually joule impact factor a few percent for pressures up to 100 bar process the specific enthalpies of NME! T-S diagram of nitrogen as an alternative to the atmospheric plasma device to dry solvent! Joule has developed very quickly in terms of the Joule–Thomson coefficient is negative by definition more refined experiments of found... Joule and the editor ’ s activities in China mass fraction of gas! As air conditioners, heat pumps, and for supercritical fluids under high pressure P! Done on the hot plate at a vertical distance of 1.0 cm from the plasma nozzle below for the of... Hydraulic oils will be warmed by the Joule–Thomson expansion and can be used to obtain Joule–Thomson coefficients the!
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